The Single Photon Upconversion Detection (SPUD) project is led by the Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics (CAP) in collaboration with Covesion Ltd and funded by the UK Space Agency (UKSA) Enabling Technologies Programme (ETP). It aims to develop a highly efficient MIR single photon upconversion imaging system leveraging Covesion Ltd.’s periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide technology, extending its capabilities to MIR wavelengths—up to the material transparency limit of 5 µm.
The SPUD project focuses on three key objectives:
- Develop PPLN waveguides: Engineering waveguides that support MIR wavelengths for efficient upconversion.
- Design an optical upconversion setup: Establishing a high-efficiency frequency upconversion system.
- Demonstrate upconversion imaging: Validating the system’s performance through high-fidelity imaging.
Success criteria for the project are based upon image fidelity, distance range of image capture, and acquisition time, ensuring that the system can be further developed to meet the rigorous demands of space applications.
MIR detection technologies currently in use, such as HgCdTe sensors, face challenges including low detection efficiencies, high noise levels, and the need for cryogenic cooling. SPUD’s upconversion approach transforms MIR light into the visible/near-infrared (NIR) spectrum, a transition which offers several advantages through the use of the mature detector technology already developed at these shorter wavelengths:
- Higher detection efficiency: Providing reduced noise levels and enhanced signal-to-noise ratio.
- Faster timing resolution: Ideal for applications such as precision LIDAR and remote sensing.
- Elimination of cryogenic cooling: A critical factor for space applications, reducing weight and power consumption.
MIR imaging and sensing are crucial for a wide range of applications including earth observation and environmental monitoring allowing the detection of greenhouse gas emissions and hazardous substance releases.
MIR sensing is also applicable in optical communications, leveraging the MIR atmospheric transmission window for improved communication efficiency. For LIDAR and 3D imagingimproved detection in the mid-infrared spectral region offers superior penetration through smoke and fog, enhancing detection capabilities.
SPUD represents a transformative step in MIR detection and imaging, offering a disruptive alternative to existing sensor technologies. By combining the expertise of Fraunhofer CAP and Covesion, this project paves the way for high-performance, cost-effective solutions in space science, environmental monitoring, and beyond. With its strong potential for commercialisation and continued technological advancement, SPUD is set to redefine the landscape of MIR imaging and detection.
The project has a 13-month timeframe and commences in September 2023.
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